What is upper gastrointestinal (upper GI) cancer?
Upper gastrointestinal (Upper GI) cancer refers to cancers that develop in the esophagus, stomach, or small intestine. These cancers are often aggressive and challenging to detect in their early stages, making awareness and timely diagnosis essential for better outcomes.
Types of Upper GI Cancer
Esophageal cancer affects the tube that connects the throat to the stomach and is classified into squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Stomach cancer originates in the stomach lining and is often linked to Helicobacter pylori infection, poor diet, or genetic predisposition. Small intestine cancer is less common but can include adenocarcinomas, carcinoid tumors, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
Causes and Risk Factors
Several factors contribute to the development of upper GI cancer, including genetic predisposition, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, chronic acid reflux (GERD), obesity, and diets high in processed foods. Long-term exposure to carcinogens or infections such as Helicobacter pylori can also increase the risk.
Common Symptoms
Early symptoms of upper GI cancer may include difficulty swallowing, persistent heartburn, indigestion, unexplained weight loss, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and blood in the stool or vomit. Since these symptoms are often mistaken for common digestive issues, diagnosis may be delayed.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis typically involves endoscopy, biopsy, and imaging tests such as CT or MRI scans. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of cancer and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy
Prevention and Early Detection
A healthy diet, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, managing acid reflux, and treating infections early can reduce the risk. Regular screenings for high-risk individuals can improve early detection and treatment success.
Conclusion
Early awareness and timely action can make all the difference in the fight against upper GI cancer. Don’t ignore persistent symptoms; early diagnosis leads to better treatment options and improved recovery. Take charge of your health today visit Dr. Santhosh Anandh for expert care and guidance.